Which cognitive developmental stage described by Jean Piaget includes characteristics of egocentrism and magical thinking?

The Preoperational stage is characterized by features such as egocentrism and magical thinking, which are key elements of children's cognitive development during this phase. This stage typically occurs between the ages of 2 and 7 years and is marked by the development of language and imagination, along with the increased ability to think about things symbolically.

Egocentrism refers to the tendency of children in this stage to view the world primarily from their own perspective, making it difficult for them to understand that others may have different viewpoints or experiences. For example, a child may assume that if they can see a toy, then someone else must also see it.

Magical thinking is another hallmark of the Preoperational stage, where children often believe that their thoughts or actions can influence the world around them in ways that are not grounded in reality. For instance, a child may think that wishing for something can make it happen or that their thoughts alone can affect events.

In contrast, the other stages described by Piaget, such as the Concrete Operational stage, Formal Operational stage, and Sensorimotor stage, exhibit different cognitive characteristics and abilities that do not include these specific features of egocentrism and magical thinking, highlighting why the Preoperational stage is